The Reynolds risk score was developed recently and includes hsCRP, family history and traditional risk factors in its risk prediction model. However, a meta-analysis of 22 prospective studies found that hsCRP contributed less than expected to risk prediction after adjusting for other risk factors.
In this meta-analysis, the odds ratio for CHD in the highest vs. Coronary artery calcium is an alternative screening test that can be used to identify patients who may benefit from more aggressive primary prevention strategies.
Thus, the reclassification of intermediate-risk participants depends on the screening test used. Individuals who have a high hsCRP do not necessarily have a high coronary calcium and vice versa.
It may be most informative to combine hsCRP with other screening tests such as coronary calcium as well as the metabolic syndrome. It is likely that more than half of the subjects had at least two of the five components of the metabolic syndrome. Nevertheless, the relative risk reduction seen with rosuvastatin was slightly less in persons with the metabolic syndrome as compared with those without it. Previous studies have been mixed with respect to the value of hsCRP in identifying patients who benefit from statin therapy.
Likewise, the number needed to treat over five years to prevent the occurrence of one primary end point in JUPITER was about 25, which is much lower than the number needed to treat in prior lipid-lowering primary prevention studies. It is also unclear whether less-expensive generic statins such as simvastatin will be just as cost-effective for primary prevention as more potent brand-name statins such as rosuvastatin and atorvastatin Lipitor, Pfizer. Given the benefits of statin therapy seen in JUPITER, it would be reasonable to measure hsCRP levels in asymptomatic women 50 years and older and asymptomatic men 60 years and older in whom the decision to treat with statin therapy is unclear and to consider statin therapy for those with elevated hsCRP levels.
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